Gravity models for tourism demand modeling: Empirical review and outlook

Tourism demand and its determining factors have been extensively explored over the past decades. Traditionally, study of tourism modeling had focused on use time series models forecasting. Nonetheless, during last years literature has revived approach gravity models, centered structural dimension as opposed to dynamic factors. This survey aims provide a useful overview detailed information that discipline existing help future researchers about this field. To do so, reviews 143 key published papers apply equation framework revealing it used mainly in context bilateral tourist movements. Results show how, although list variables flows can be very large, GDP, population distance are most preponderant ones. Moreover, there important challenges addressed by terms empirical application tourism.